Multiculturalism in the city: managing diversity

The issue of multiculturalism questions two essential elements that have conformed occidental society in the last two centuries: the nation-state and the citizenship. The former one, because multiculturalism questions the homogeneity in which is based, the later because the principle of individual equality is challenged by claims for the recognition of identities based on groups. We think that this issue is especially relevant at urban level. At the beginning of the XXI century, cities are where diversity is mainly concentrated, and were most conflicts based on multiculturalism arise, creating a rich diversity of social, cultural, religious traditions. Cities as Rotterdam or Brussels are examples of places were the diversity is already common, but other cities as Barcelona are only recently facing this phenomenon. Nation is what defines citizenship but there are other dimensions equally important in order to understand it and take changes into account. The local level is one of these dimensions, where the conflict between community and citizenship, universality and difference are more evident. In this paper we will analyse these issues. In first place we will analyse how theories of multiculturalism are applied to the local level, how the issue is identified from the urban sociology and the solutions proposed. As will be shown, we need to address to the concept of liberal citizenship. Later on we analyse models of citizen’s participation that try to reflect the diversity of multiculturalism, concretely the model of deliberative and aggregate democracy. Multiculturalism refers to different phenomena, but this paper focus in the migration issue, because it is a paradigmatic example of the problems that multiculturalism arises. Moreover, is in cities were most of the immigration in European countries concentrates, which is the dimension we want to study.

Reliable extraction of the dB(E1)/dEdB({\rm E1})/dE for 11^{11}Be from its breakup at 520 MeV/nucleon

We analyze the breakup of the one-neutron halo nucleus $^{11}$Be measured at 520 MeV/nucleon at GSI on Pb and C targets within an eikonal description of the reaction including a proper treatment of special relativity. The Coulomb term of the projectile-target interaction is corrected at first order, while its nuclear part is described at the optical limit approximation. Excellent agreement with the data is obtained using a description of $^{11}$Be, which fits the breakup data of RIKEN. This solves the apparent discrepancy between the $dB({\rm E1})/dE$ estimations from GSI and RIKEN for this nucleus.Comment: Accepted for publication in Phys. Lett.

Multiple intelligences and preschool

Con el fin de llevar a cabo una intervención educativa de calidad, el docente ha de estar en conocimiento de las características que posee su alumnado. En este sentido, ha de tener en cuenta y valorar que cada niño o niña presenta unas peculiaridades que le diferencian del resto. Aquí es donde entra en juego la teoría de las inteligencias múltiples propuesta por Howard Gardner, que defiende que la mente es plural. A lo largo del artículo, se detalla la teoría mencionada así como diferentes propuestas para llevarla a cabo en un aula de Educación Infantil.In order to provide a high-quality education, teachers must be aware of the different characteristics their pupils bring to light. In this regard, they must appreciate every child has his own talents that make him different and special. Howard Gardner’s theory of multiple intelligences is largely related to this idea. Over the course of this article, this theory, as well as several proposals of tasks for preschoolers, is mentioned and detailed

The evolution of innovation in the European Regional Development Funds: from business and technology to territory

L’article presenta la incorporació de la innovació en la política dels fons europeus de desenvolupament regional (FEDER). S'explica breument les diferents etapes de la política regional europea, el seu impacte en la millora de la competitivitat regional, per passar després a analitzar la incorporació de la innovació com un element indispensable dels programes regionals europeus. L'evolució del concepte es fa evident en aquests programes, que han passat d'emfatitzar la innovació com una qüestió restringida a les empreses i la tecnologia a una concepció més ampla que considera el paper dels territoris i les institucions sub-nacionals en el seu desenvolupament.The article presents how innovation has been incorporated in the European regional development fund (ERDF). It briefly explains the different stages of European regional policy, referring to its impact on improving regional competitiveness, to later analyze in detail how innovation has been incorporated progressively as an indispensable element in the European regional policies. The evolution of the concept is evident in these programs, which have gone to emphasize innovation as a matter restricted to companies and technology to a wider conception that considers the role of regions and sub-national institutions in its development

Towards urban high-technolgy clusters : an international comparison

This paper presents the results of a comparative study of 23 urban or regional high-technology clusters (media, ICT, energy, biotechnology) all over the world, analyzing how they were created, how they are managed and how they operate, and the strategies followed to improve and excel in their fields of action. Special attention is given to issues related to descriptive aspects, R&D, performance of the clusters, location factors and incentives to attract companies. The empirical analysis applied to the identified clusters was done through a questionnaire sent to the representatives of the cluster's management. When analyzing the data, the study has combined quantitative and qualitative methods, depending on the information to be processed. The data collection was done through a selection of indicators chosen in order to cover the different elements that cluster literature coincide in consider essential to develop a competitive economic cluster in urban regions. The main obstacle we find with the information available to carry out this study has been its heterogeneity and different quality of the data. 22@Barcelona appears to be in a good position to compete with other excelling clusters, but it still needs to improve in areas such as financial supply for R&D and start-ups and coordination between the different actors involved in urban economic development. Our research also contributes to the discussion on the role of public institutions in the cluster development policies. In the clusters studied here, especially in 22@Barcelona, we have seen that a capable and resourceful public administration can determine the success of the cluster initiativ

My time is my own: a project for analysis and research on the social situation, demography and the family

Der vorliegende Beitrag stellt die Ergebnisse des Projektes 'My time is my own' vor. Bei diesem europäischen Projekt handelte es sich um eine transnationale Studie, in der in verschiedenen Ländern neue Formen der Zeitnutzung im Umgang mit sozialen Dienstleistungen zur Vereinbarkeit von Beruf und Privatleben gesammelt und ausgewertet wurden. Die Auswertung sollte qualitative Indikatoren ermitteln, die es Verwaltungen, Organisationen, Firmen, usw. erlauben, sich bei der Planung von innovativen Projekten zur Zeitgestaltung an Ergebnissen aus bestehenden Praxiserfahrungen orientieren zu können. Der Beitrag enthält die Ergebnisse aus Italien, Frankreich, Spanien und Deutschland. (ICD

Validation of dynamic risk stratification and impact of BRAF in risk assessment of thyroid cancer, a nation-wide multicenter study

Prognosis; Response to therapy; Thyroid cancerPronóstico; Respuesta a la terapia; Cáncer de tiroidesPronòstic; Resposta a la teràpia; Càncer de tiroideIntroduction: The dynamic risk stratification (DRS) is a relatively new system in thyroid cancer that considers the response to primary treatment to improve the initial risk of recurrence. We wanted to validate DRS system in a nationwide multicenter study and explore if the incorporation of BRAFV600E into DRS helps to better categorize and predict outcomes. Materials and methods: Retrospective study of 685 patients from seven centers between 1991 and 2016, with a mean age of 48 years and a median follow-up time of 45 months (range 23-77). The overall BRAFV600E prevalence was 53.4%. We classified patients into four categories based on DRS (‘excellent’, ‘indeterminate’, ‘biochemical incomplete’, and ‘structural incomplete’ response). Cox regression was used to calculate adjusted hazard ratios (AHR) and proportions of variance explained (PVEs). Results: We found 21.6% recurrences and 2.3% cancer-related deaths. The proportion of patients that developed recurrence in excellent, indeterminate, biochemical incomplete and structural incomplete response to therapy was 1.8%, 54%, 91.7% and 96.2% respectively. Considering the outcome at the end of the follow up, patients showed no evidence of disease (NED) in 98.2, 52, 33.3 and 25.6% respectively. Patients in the structural incomplete category were the only who died (17.7%). Because they have similar outcomes in terms of NED and survival, we integrated the indeterminate and biochemical incomplete response into one unique category creating the 3-tiered DRS system. The PVEs of the AJCC/TNM staging, ATA risk classification, 4-tiered DRS, and 3-tiered DRS to predict recurrence at five years were 21%, 25%, 57% and 59% respectively. BRAFV600E was significantly associated with biochemical incomplete response (71.1 vs 28.9%) (HR 2.43; 95% CI, 1.21 to 5.23; p=0.016), but not with structural incomplete response or distant metastases. BRAF status slightly changes the AHR values of the DRS categories but is not useful for different risk grouping. Conclusions: This is the first multicenter study to validate the 4-tiered DRS system. Our results also show that the 3-tiered DRS system, by integrating indeterminate and biochemical incomplete response into one unique category, may simplify response to therapy keeping the system accurate. BRAF status does not provide any additional benefit to DRS.The authors want to thank the support of the following Grants: PID2019-105303RB-I00/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 from Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion (MICIN) to GR-E; PI14/01980 from Instituto de Salud Carlos III (FIS-ISCIII) to GR-E; The Asociacioín Espanãola Contra el Cancer (AECC) (GCB141423113) to GR-E. GR-E and ADV, belong to CIBERONC ISCIII. RTI2018-099343-B-100/FEDER and PID2021-125948OB-I00 from MICIN to ADV

Kinematic analysis of the spine during placement on 2 transfer devices: a spinal backboard and a scoop stretcher

Objective. To analyze and compare measurements of spine kinematics during prehospital emergency responders’ placement of a patient on a spinal backboard or a scoop stretcher. Methods. Cross sectional, quasi-experimental clinical simulation to compare misalignment (main endpoint) by means of data from a 3-dimensional motion capture system. Results. Mean (SD) misalignment during placement on the 2 devices was 37.53° (14.15°). By device, mean misalignment was 31.08° (6.38°) for the scoop stretcher and 43.97° (7.97°) for the backboard (P=.048). Conclusion. Less misalignment occurs during placement on the scoop stretcher than on the spinal backboard.Actividad Física y Deport

Investigaciones arqueométricas en las cuevas de Ardales y Las Palomas de Teba (Comarca del Guadalteba, Málaga)

We have performed a Raman miscroscopic analysis of a series of prehistoric artifacs found inside the Ardales Cave (Ardales, Málaga, Spain), such as a number of fixed and portable fat-burning stone lamps, some lithic tools and wall paintings, by means of either a portable Raman spectrometer for in situ studies in the field or bench-top Raman spectrometers and Raman microscopes in the laboratory of Vibrational Spectroscopy at the Central Building of Scientific Facilities of the University of Málaga (SCAI, UMA).We have performed a Raman miscroscopic analysis of a series of prehistoric artifacs found inside the Ardales Cave (Ardales, Málaga, Spain), such as a number of fixed and portable fat-burning stone lamps, some lithic tools and wall paintings, by means of either a portable Raman spectrometer for in situ studies in the field or bench-top Raman spectrometers and Raman microscopes in the laboratory of Vibrational Spectroscopy at the Central Building of Scientific Facilities of the University of Málaga (SCAI, UMA).Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Alq mutation increases fruit set rate and allows the maintenance of fruit yield under moderate saline conditions

[EN] Arlequin (Alq) is a gain-of-function mutant whose most relevant feature is that sepals are able to become fruit-like organs due to the ectopic expression of the ALQ-TAGL1 gene. The role of this gene in tomato fruit ripening was previously demonstrated. To discover new functional roles for ALQ-TAGL1, and most particularly its involvement in the fruit set process, a detailed characterization of Alq yield-related traits was performed. Under standard conditions, the Alq mutant showed a much higher fruit set rate than the wild type. A significant percentage of Alq fruits were seedless. The results showed that pollination-independent fruit set in Alq is due to early transition from flower to fruit. Analysis of endogenous hormones in Alq suggests that increased content of cytokinins and decreased level of abscisic acid may account for precocious fruit set. Comparative expression analysis showed relevant changes of several genes involved in cell division, gibberellin metabolism, and the auxin signalling pathway. Since pollination-independent fruit set may be a very useful strategy for maintaining fruit production under adverse conditions, fruit set and yield in Alq plants under moderate salinity were assessed. Interestingly, Alq mutant plants showed a high yield under saline conditions, similar to that of Alq and the wild type under unstressed conditions.This work was supported by the research grants AGL2015-64991-C3-3-R and AGL2015-64991-C3-1-R from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (MINECO/FEDER). The PhD grant to CRA (BES-2013-063778) was funded by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness.The authors thank Dr Isabel Lopez-Diaz and Dr Esther Carrera for their help in hormone quantification carried out at the Plant Hormone Quantification Service, IBMCP,Valencia, Spain. The authors thank David Harry Rhead for reviewing the manuscript in the English language.Ribelles Alfonso, C.; García Sogo, B.; Yuste-Lisbona, FJ.; Atarés Huerta, A.; Castañeda, L.; Capel, C.; Lozano, R.... (2019). Alq mutation increases fruit set rate and allows the maintenance of fruit yield under moderate saline conditions. Journal of Experimental Botany. 70(20):5731-5744. https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erz342S57315744702